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Sketches of the retaining wall forces should be considered to properly distinguish the different forces acting on our retaining wall as tackled in the previous article retaining wall.
Mass concrete retaining wall design. The graviti block retaining wall system comprises large precast permeable mass concrete blocks manufactured under stringent quality control. Design tanδ tan 20º or 0 75xdesign tanφ 0 364 or 0 503 design tanδ 0 364 from table design φ 33 8º design δ 20º ka 0 242 10kn m surcharge on retained soil behind wall. Construction is mortar less and an experienced crew can place up to 80m2 of wall per day. Typical costs in 2005 is approximately 80 sf.
P w due to active pressure surcharge wall self weight 1 wall self weight 2 weight of soil wall friction ia m 0 5 x 0 242 x 18 x 2. The rocla massbloc instant wall system is comprised of large permeable precast concrete blocks for various retaining applications for walls typically 2 8 metres in height. Cantilever walls are built of reinforced concrete and are typically composed of a horizontal footing and a vertical stem wall. Table 2 table 3 soil properties table 2 compact sand.
Cp2 design no surch. φ 35º 40º loose sand φ 30º 35º. Retaining walls designing buildings wiki share your construction industry knowledge. 2 and preferably have an oven dry density of 125 lb ft 2002 kg m or more.
Retaining walls are vertical or near vertical structures designed to retain material on one side preventing it from collapsing or slipping or preventing erosion. They provide support to terrain where the soil s angle of repose is exceeded and it would otherwise collapse into a more natural form. Assume φ 35º density 19kn m3 cl 1 4321 wall friction δ 20º. Poured concrete retaining walls can also be decorative and reproduce the look of stone or masonry.
Both proprietary block and crib retaining walls must be built on an in situ concrete foundation or on a compacted base course. Stone crete is used for sound barrier walls retaining walls subdivision entry walls or wherever. Based on our example in figure a 1 we have the forces due to soil pressure due to water and surcharge load to consider. Cantilever walls are economical for heights up to 10 m 32 feet.
The no fines mix aids resistance to shearing by increasing friction between units and the permeability helps to relieve hydrostatic pressure build up behind the wall. Each course of the retaining wall should be constructed with full size concrete masonry units with an overlapping bond pattern between courses as shown in figure 3. In this photo increte contractors installed a poured in place decorative concrete wall system called stone crete that creates deep relief stone walls with a variety of available textures and colors. The blocks are interlocked by a key joint precast into the blocks.
A n beal earth retaining structures worked examples 2 1 0 mass concrete wall 1 1 h 4m retaining compact medium sand no water pressure. Hollow or solid concrete masonry units used in gravity retaining walls should meet the requirements of astm c 90 ref.
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